Publications sur la multimorbidité

TABLE DES MATIÈRES

Section A – Publications de l’équipe de recherche

Section B – Publications par sujet

1. RECENSION D’ÉCRITS ET ARTICLES THÉORIQUES

2. DÉFINITION / CONCEPTUALISATION

3. ÉTUDES CLINIQUES ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIQUES DESCRIPTIVES

3.1 Prévalence

3.2 Étiologie

3.3 Corrélations biologiques : système immunitaire

3.4 Effet d’interaction

3.5 Variables sociodémographiques et psychosociales

3.6 Variables liées aux soins hospitaliers

3.7 Utilisation des ressources

3.8 Qualité de vie et niveau fonctionnel

3.9 Détresse psychologique et dépression

3.10 Médication

3.11 Soutien social

3.12 Autres variables de type clinique

3.13 Généralisabilité des essais cliniques

3.14 Autres

4. ÉTUDES PHARMACO-ÉCONOMIQUES

5. INSTRUMENTS DE MESURE

6. ÉDITORIAUX / ARTICLES D’OPINION

7. RECHERCHES QUALITATIVES

8. IDÉES D’INTERVENTION

9. AUTRES

9.1 Programme d’activité physique

9.2 Continuité

9.3 Auto-soin

9.4 Erreurs médicales

Section A – Publications de l’équipe de recherche

Hudon C, Fortin M, Poitras M-E, Almirall J. The relationship between literacy and multimorbidity in a primary care setting. BMC Family Practice. 2012;13:33 (Texte complet).

Fortin M, Stewart M, Poitras M-E, Almirall J, Maddocks H. A Systematic Review of Prevalence Studies on Multimorbidity: Toward a More Uniform Methodology. Ann Fam Med 2012; 10:142-151 (Texte complet).

Poitras M-E, Fortin M, Hudon C, Haggerty J, Almirall J. Validation of the disease burden morbidity assessment by self-report in a French-speaking population. BMC Health Service Research. 2012;12:35. [Texte complet]

Birtwhistle R, Pottie K, Shaw E, Dickinson JA, Brauer P, Fortin M, Bell N, Singh H, Tonelli M, Connor Gorber S, Lewin G, Joffres M, Parkin P: Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care: We're back! Can Fam Physician 2012;58: 13-15. [Résumé PubMed]

Fortin M, Contant E, Savard C, Hudon C, Poitras M-E, Almirall J. Canadian guidelines for clinical practice: an analysis of their quality and relevance to the care of adults with comorbidity. BMC Family Practice. 2011;12:74.[Texte complet]

Boyd CM, Fortin M. Future of Multimorbidity research: How Should Understanding of Multimorbidity Inform Health System Design? Public Health Reviews 2010;32.[Texte complet]

Aarts S, van den Akker M, Tan FE, Verhey FR, Metsemakers JF, van Boxtel MP. Influence of multimorbidity on cognition in a normal aging population: a 12-year follow-up in the Maastricht Aging Study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2011 ;26:1046-53. [Résumé PubMed]

Aarts S, van den Akker M, Hajema KJ, van Ingen AM, Metsemakers JF, Verhey FR, van Boxtel MP. Multimorbidity and its relation to subjective memory complaints in a large general population of older adults. Int Psychogeriatr. 2011; 23:616-24. [Résumé PubMed]

Loignon C, Haggerty JL, Fortin M, Bedos CP, Barbeau D, Allen D. What makes primary care effective for people in poverty living with multiple chronic conditions?: study protocol. BMC Health Services Research 2010, 10:320.[Texte complet]

Fortin M, Hudon C, Gallagher F, Ntetu AL, Maltais D, Soubhi H.Nurses joining family doctors in primary care practices: perceptions of patients with multimorbidity. BMC Fam Pract. 2010 Nov 4;11:84.[Texte complet]

Hudon C, St-Cyr Tribble D, Bravo G, Poitras ME. Enablement in health care context: a concept analysis. J Eval Clin Pract. 2011;17:143-9.[Résumé PubMed]

Haggerty J, Fortin M, Beaulieu M-D, Hudon, C., Loignon, C., Préville, M., Roberge, D. At the interface of community and healthcare systems: a longitudinal cohort study on evolving health and the impact of primary healthcare from the patient's perspective. BMC Health Services Research 2010;10:258.[Texte complet]

Hudon C, St-Cyr Tribble D, Légaré F, Bravo G, Fortin M, Almirall J. Assessing enablement in clinical practice: a systematic review of available instruments. J Eval Clin Pract. 2010; 16(6):1301-1308.[Résumé PubMed]

Fortin M, Steenbakkers K, Hudon C, Poitras ME, Almirall J, van den Akker M. The electronic Cumulative Illness Rating Scale: a reliable and valid tool to assess multi-morbidity in primary care. J Eval Clin Pract. 2011;17(6):1089-1093.[Résumé PubMed]

Fortin M, Hudon C, Haggerty J, Akker M, Almirall J. Prevalence estimates of multimorbidity: a comparative study of two sources. BMC Health Serv Res. 2010 May 6;10:111.[Texte complet]

Howlett J, Morin L, Fortin M, Heckman G, Strachan PH, Suskin N, Shamian J, Lewanczuk R, Aurthur HM. End-of-life planning in heart failure: it should be the end of the beginning. Can J Cardiol. 2010 Mar;26(3):135-41.[Résumé PubMed]

Loignon C, Haggerty JL, Fortin M, Bedos CP, Allen D, Barbeau D. Physicians' social competence in the provision of care to persons living in poverty: research protocol. BMC Health Serv Res. 2010 Mar 25;10:79.[Texte complet]

Arthur HM, Suskin N, Bayley M, Fortin M, Howlett J, Heckman G, Lewanczuk R. The Canadian Heart Health Strategy and Action Plan: Cardiac rehabilitation as an exemplar of chronic disease management. Can J Cardiol. 2010 Jan;26(1):37-41.[Résumé PubMed]

Soubhi H, Bayliss EA, Fortin M, Hudon C, van den Akker M, Thivierge R, Posel N, Fleiszer D. Learning and caring in communities of practice: using relationships and collective learning to improve primary care for patients with multimorbidity. Ann Fam Med. 2010;8(2):170-7.[Texte complet]

Soubhi H, Gilbert J, Halaas G. JRIPE, a new journal with a distinct function, content, and identity. Journal of Research in Interprofessional Practice and Education. 2009;1:1.[Texte complet]

Soubhi H, Colet NR, Gilbert JH, Lebel P, Thivierge RL, Hudon C, Fortin M. Interprofessional learning in the trenches: fostering collective capability. J Interprof Care. 2009;23:52-57.[Résumé PubMed]

Hudon C, Fortin M, Dubois M-F, Almirall J. Comorbidity and glycemia control among patients with type 2 diabetes in primary care. Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity. 2008;1:33-37.[Texte complet]

Bayliss EA, Ellis JL, Steiner JF. Seniors' self-reported multimorbidity captured biopsychosocial factors not incorporated into two other data-based morbidity measures. J Clin Epidemiol 2008 Aug 29. [Epub ahead of print] [Abstract PubMed]

Bayliss EA, Edwards AE, Steiner JF, Main DS. Processes of care desired by elderly patients with multimorbidities. Fam Pract 2008;25(4):287-93.[Abstract PubMed]

Hudon C, Fortin M, Soubhi H. Single-risk-factor interventions to promote physical activity among patients with chronic diseases in primary care: a systematic review. Can Fam Physician. 2008;54:1130-1137. [Texte complet]

Hudon C, Fortin M, Soubhi S. Conditions musculo-squelettiques chroniques et comorbidités en soins de première ligne. Can Fam Physician 2008;54 74-75. [Texte complet]

Bayliss EA, Bosworth HB, Noel PH, Wolff JL, Damush TM, Mciver L. Supporting self-management for patients with complex medical needs: recommendations of a working group. Chronic Illn 2007;3(2):167-75.[Abstract PubMed]

Bayliss EA, Ellis JL, Steiner JF. Barriers to self-management and quality-of-life outcomes in seniors with multimorbidities. Ann Fam Med 2007; 5: 395-402. [Texte complet]

Fortin M, Dubois M-F, Hudon C, Soubhi H, Almirall J. Multimorbidity and quality of life: a closer look. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2007; 5 :52. [Texte complet]

Fortin M, Soubhi H, Hudon C, Bayliss EA, van den Akker M. Multimorbidity's many challenges. BMJ 2007; 334: 1016-1017.

Soubhi H. Toward an ecosystemic approach to chronic care design and practice in primary care. Ann Fam Med 2007; 5: 263-269. [Texte complet]

Smith SM, Soubhi H, Fortin M, Hudon C, O’Dowd T. Interventions to improve outcomes in patients with multimorbidity in primary care and community settings. (Protocol) Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD006560. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006560.

Fortin M, Hudon C, Bayliss EA, Soubhi H, Lapointe L. Caring for Body and Soul: The Importance of Recognizing and Managing Psychological Distress in Persons with Multimorbidity. Int’l J Psychiatry in Medicine 2007; 37: 1-9. [Abstract PubMed]

Hudon C, Fortin M, Soubhi H. Abbreviated guidelines for scoring the Cumulative Ilnness Rating Scale (CIRS) in family practice. J Clin Epidemiol 2007; 60 :212e1-212e3.

Soubhi H, Fortin M, Hudon C. Perceived conflict in the couple and chronic illness management: Preliminary analyses from the Quebec Health Survey. BMC Family Practice 2006;7:59. [Texte complet]

Fortin M, Bravo G, Hudon C, Lapointe L, Dubois M-F, Almirall J. Psychological Distress and Multimorbidity in Primary Care. Ann Fam Med 2006;4:417-22. [Texte complet]

Fortin M, Dionne J, Pinho G, Gignac J, Almirall J, Lapointe L. Randomized Controlled Trials: Do They Have External Validity for Patients With Multiple Comorbidities? Ann. Fam. Med 2006;4:104-8. [Texte complet]

Fortin M, Bravo G, Hudon C, Lapointe L, Almirall J, Dubois M-F, Vanasse A. Relationship between multimorbidity and health-related quality of life of patients in primary care. Qual Life Res 2006;15:83-91. [Abstract PubMed]

van den Akker M, Vos R, Knottnerus JA. In an exploratory prospective study on multimorbidity general and disease-related susceptibility could be distinguished. J Clin Epidemiol 2006;59:934-9. [Abstract PubMed]

Fortin M, Hudon C, Dubois M-F, Almirall J, Lapointe L, Soubhi H. Comparative assessment of three different indices of multimorbidity for studies on health-related quality of life. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2005;3:74. [Texte complet]

Fortin F, Bravo G, Hudon C, Vanasse A, Lapointe L. Prevalence of Multimorbidity Among Adults Seen in Family Practice. Ann Fam Med 2005;3:223-8. [Texte complet]

Hudon C, Fortin M, Vanasse A. Cumulative Illness Rating Scale was a reliable and valid index in a family practice context. J Clin Epidemiol 2005;58:603-8. [Abstract PubMed]

Bayliss EA, Ellis JL, Steiner JF. Subjective assessments of comorbidity correlate with quality of life health outcomes: initial validation of a comorbidity assessment instrument. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2005;3:51. [Texte complet]

Bayliss EA, Bayliss MS, Ware Jr JE, Steiner JF. Predicting declines in physical function in persons with multiple chronic medical conditions: what we can learn from the medical problem list. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2004;2:47. [Texte complet]

van den Akker M, Schuurman A, Metsemakers J, Buntinx F.Is depression related to subsequent diabetes mellitus?Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 2004;110:178-83.[Abstract PubMed]

Fortin M, Lapointe L, Hudon C, Vanasse A, Ntetu AL, Maltais D. Multimorbidity and quality of life in primary care: a systematic review. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2004;2:51. [Texte complet]

Bayliss EA, John F. Steiner JF, Fernald DH, Crane LA, Main DS. Descriptions of barriers to self-care by persons with comorbid chronic diseases. Ann Fam Med 2003;1:15-21. [Texte complet]

Leentjens AFG, van den Akker M, Metsemakers JFM, Lousberg R, Verhey FRJ.Higher incidence of depression preceding the onset of Parkinson’s disease: a register study. Mov Disord 2003;18:414-18.[Abstract Pubmed]

Buntinx F, Niclaes L, Suetens C, Jans B, Mertens R, van den Akker M. Evaluation of Charlson’s comorbidity index in elderly living in nursing homes. J Clin Epidemiol 2002;55:1144-7.[Abstract Pubmed]

Schuurman AG, van den Akker M, Ensinck KTJL, Metsemakers JFM, Knottnerus JA, Leentjens AFG, Buntinx F. Increased risk of Parkinson’s disease after depression: a retrospective cohort study. Neurology 2002;58:1501-4.[Abstract PubMed]

van der Linden M, van den Akker M, Buntinx F. The relation between health locus of control and multimorbidity; a case-control study. Personality and Individual Differences 2001;30:1189-97.

van den Akker M, Buntinx F, Roos S, Knottnerus JA. Problems in determining occurrence rates of multimorbidity. J Clin Epidemiol 2001;54:675-9. [Abstract PubMed]

Van den Akker M, Buntinx F, Metsemakers JFM, Knottnerus JA. Marginal impact of psychosocial factors on multimorbidity: results of an explorative nested case-control study. Soc Sci Med 2000;50:1679-93.[AbstractPubmed]

Huitema HOM, van den Akker M, Buntinx F, Muris JW, Metsemakers JFM, Knottnerus JA. Comorbidity of chronic gastro-intestinal disorders. A cross-sectional analysis in a large general practice population in the Netherlands. Arch Public Health 2000;58:51-65.

Landwehr Johan STM, van den Akker M, Metsemakers JFM, Buntinx F. Comorbidity of chronic cardiovascular disorders. A cross-sectional analysis in a large general practice population in the Netherlands. Arch Public Health 2000;58:213-31.

van den Akker M, Buntinx F, Metsemakers JF, Knottnerus JA. Morbidity in responders and non-responders in a register-based population survey. Fam Pract 1998;15:261-3. [Texte complet]

van den Akker M, Buntinx F, Metsemakers JF, Roos S, Knottnerus JA. Multimorbidity in general practice: prevalence, incidence, and determinants of co-occurring chronic and recurrent diseases.J Clin Epidemiol 1998;51:367-75. [Abstract PubMed]

van den Akker M, F Buntinx, JA Knottnerus. Comorbidity or multimorbidity: what’s in a name? A review of literature. Eur J Gen Pract 1996;2:65-70.

Section B – Publications par sujet

1. RECENSION D’ÉCRITS ET ARTICLES THÉORIQUES

Nobili A, Garattini S, Mannucci PM. Multiple diseases and polypharmacy in the elderly: challenges for the internist of the third millennium. Journal of Comorbidity. 2011;1:28–44.

Esper AM, Martin GS. The impact of cormorbid conditions on critical illness. Crit Care Med. 2011;39:2728-35.

Lehnert T, Heider D, Leicht H, Heinrich S, Corrieri S, Luppa M, Riedel-Heller S, König HH. Review: health care utilization and costs of elderly persons with multiple chronic conditions. Med Care Res Rev. 2011;68(4):387-420.

Marengoni A, Angleman S, Melis R, et al. Aging with multimorbidity: A systematic review of the literature. Ageing Res Rev 2011;10(4):430-9.

Lupari M, Coates V, Adamson G, Crealey GE. We're just not getting it right'--how should we provide care to the older person with multi-morbid chronic conditions? J Clin Nurs 2011;20.

Jakovljević M et al. Comorbidity, multimorbidity and personalized psychosomatic medicine: epigenetics rolling on the horizon. Psychiatr Danub. 2010. 22(2):184-9.

Wehling M. Multimorbidity and polypharmacy: which betablocker to use in relation to the pharmacokinetic profile and interaction potential. Arzneimittelforschung. 2010. 60(2):57-63.

Junius-Walker U et al. Health and treatment priorities in patients with multimorbidity: report on a workshop from the European General Practice Network meeting 'Research on multimorbidity in general practice'. Eur J Gen Pract. 2010. 16(1):51-4.

Iezzoni LI. Multiple Chronic Conditions and Disabilities: Implications for Health Services Research and Data Demands. Health Serv Res. 2010;45(5 Pt 2):1523-40.

Singer SJ et al. Defining and Measuring Integrated Patient Care: Promoting the Next Frontier in Health Care Delivery. Med Care Res Rev. 2011;68(1):112-27.

Michel JP, Pautex S, Aapro M, Zulian G. Frail old patients as a target population for cancer trials. J Nutr Health Aging. 2009. 13(1):31-3.

Smith GC. From consultation-liaison psychiatry to integrated care for multiple and complex needs. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2009. 43(1):1-12.

Luck, J., P. Parkerton, et al. "What is the business case for improving care for patients with complex conditions?" Journal of General Internal Medicine 2007. 22 Suppl 3: 396-402.

Safford, M. M., J. J. Allison, et al. "Patient complexity: more than comorbidity. the vector model of complexity." Journal of General Internal Medicine 2007. 22 Suppl 3: 382-90.

Vogeli, C., A. E. Shields, et al.. "Multiple chronic conditions: prevalence, health consequences, and implications for quality, care management, and costs." Journal of General Internal Medicine 2007. 22 Suppl 3: 391-5.

Vitry AI, Zhang Y. Quality of Australian clinical guidelines and relevance to the care of older people with multiple comorbid conditions. Med J Aust. 2008. 189(7):360-5.

Williams A, Manias E, Walker R. Interventions to improve medication adherence in people with multiple chronic conditions: a systematic review. J Adv Nurs. 2008. 63(2):132-43.

Baumeister, H., K. Balke, and M. Harter, Psychiatric and somatic comorbidities are negatively associated with quality of life in physically ill patients. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 2005. 58(11): p. 1090-100.

Bennahum, D.A., et al., Life expectancy, comorbidity, and quality of life. A framework of reference for medical decisions. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine., 1997. 13(1): p. 33-53.

Extermann, M., Measurement and impact of comorbidity in older cancer patients. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol, 2000. 35: p. 181-200.

Gijsen, R., et al., Causes and consequences of comorbidity: a review. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology., 2001. 54: p.661-74.

de Groot, V., et al., How to measure comorbidity. a critical review of available methods. J Clin Epidemiol, 2003. 56: p. 221-9.

Guralnik, J.M., Assessing the impact of comorbidity in the older population. Ann Epidemiol, 1996. 6(5): p. 376-80.

Harboun, M. and J. Ankri, [Comorbidity indexes: review of the literature and application to studies of elderly population][French]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique, 2001. 49(3): p. 287-98.

Rosen, A.K., et al., Applying a risk-adjustment framework to primary care: Can we improve on existing measures? Ann Fam Med, 2003. 1: p. 44-51.

Schneeweiss, S. and M. Maclure, Use of comorbidity scores for control of confounding in studies using administrative databases. International Journal of Epidemiology., 2000. 29(5): p. 891-8.

Stuck, A.E., et al., Risk factors for functional status decline in community-living elderly people: a systematic literature review.[see comment]. Social Science & Medicine., 1999. 48(4): p. 445-69.

van den Akker, M., F. Buntinx, and J.A. Knottnerus, Comorbidity or multimorbidity: what's in a name? A review of literature. The European Journal of General Practice, 1996. 2: p. 65-70.

Williams, A. and M. Botti, Issues concerning the on-going care of patients with comorbidities in acute care and post-discharge in Australia: a literature review. Journal of Advanced Nursing., 2002. 40(2): p. 131-40.

2. DÉFINITION / CONCEPTUALISATION

Valderas JM, Starfield B, Sibbald B, Salisbury C, Roland M. Defining comorbidity: implications for understanding health and health services. Ann Fam Med. 2009 Jul-Aug;7(4):357-63.

Karlamangla, A., M. Tinetti, et al. "Comorbidity in older adults: nosology of impairment, diseases, and conditions." Journals of Gerontology Series A-Biological Sciences & Medical Sciences 2007. 62(3): 296-300.

de Groot, V., et al., How to measure comorbidity. a critical review of available methods. J Clin Epidemiol, 2003. 56: p. 221-9.

Feinstein, A.R., The pre-therapeutic classification of co-morbidity in chronic diseases. J Chronic Diseases, 1970. 23: p. 455-469.

Fried, L.P., et al., Untangling the concepts of disability, frailty, and comorbidity: implications for improved targeting and care. Journals of Gerontology Series A Biological Sciences & Medical Sciences, 2004. 59: p. 255-63.

Gijsen, R., et al., Causes and consequences of comorbidity: a review. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology., 2001. 54: p. 661-74.

Gray, L.K., et al., Heterogeneity in older people: examining physiologic failure, age, and comorbidity. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society., 2002. 50(12): p. 1955-61.

John, R., D.S. Kerby, and C.H. Hennessy, Patterns and impact of comorbidity and multimorbidity among community-resident American Indian elders. Gerontologist, 2003. 43: p. 649-60.

Kaplan, M.H. and A.R. Feinstein, The importance of classifying initial co-morbidity in evaluating the outcome of diabetes mellitus. J Chron Dis, 1974. 27: p. 387-404.

Kraemer, H.C., Statistical issues in assessing comorbidity. Stat Med, 1995. 14(8): p. 721-33.

Krishnan, K.R., et al., Comorbidity of depression with other medical diseases in the elderly. Biological Psychiatry, 2002. 52(6): p. 559-88.

van den Akker, M., et al., Problems in determining occurrence rates of multimorbidity. J Clin Epidemiol, 2001. 54: p. 675-9.

van den Akker, M., F. Buntinx, and J.A. Knottnerus, Comorbidity or multimorbidity: what's in a name? A review of literature. The European Journal of General Practice, 1996. 2: p. 65-70.

3. ÉTUDES CLINIQUES ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIQUES DESCRIPTIVES

3.1 Prévalence

Marengoni A, Angleman S, Fratiglioni L. Prevalence of disability according to multimorbidity and disease clustering: a population-based study. Journal of Comorbidity. 2011;1:11–8.

Khanam, M.A., et al., Prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity among elderly people in rural Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study. J Health Popul Nutr, 2011. 29: p. 406-14.

van Baal, P.H., et al., Co-occurrence of diabetes, myocardial infarction, stroke, and cancer: quantifying age patterns in the Dutch population using health survey data. Popul Health Metr, 2011. 9: p. 51.

van den Bussche H, Koller D, Kolonko T, et al. Which chronic diseases and disease combinations are specific to multimorbidity in the elderly? Results of a claims data based cross-sectional study in Germany. BMC Public Health 2011;11:101.

Glynn LG, Valderas JM, Healy P, et al. The prevalence of multimorbidity in primary care and its effect on health care utilization and cost. Fam Pract 2011;28(5):516-23.

Taylor AW, Price K, Gill TK, et al. Multimorbidity - not just an older person's issue. Results from an Australian biomedical study. BMC Public Health. 2010;10:718.

Schneider KM, O'Donnell BE, Dean D. Prevalence of multiple chronic conditions in the United States' Medicare population. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2009;7:82.

Cullen W, O'Brien S, O'Carroll A, O'Kelly FD, Bury G. Chronic illness and multimorbidity among problem drug users: a comparative cross sectional pilot study in primary care. BMC Fam Pract. 2009 Apr 21;10:25.

Lee PG, Cigolle C, Blaum C. The co-occurrence of chronic diseases and geriatric syndromes: the health and retirement study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2009 Mar;57(3):511-6.

Loza, E., L. Abasolo, et al. "Burden of disease across chronic diseases: a health survey that measured prevalence, function, and quality of life." Journal of Rheumatology 2008. 35(1): 159-65.

Uijen AA, van de Lisdonk EH. Multimorbidity in primary care: prevalence and trend over the last 20 years. Eur J Gen Pract. 2008;14 Suppl 1:28-32.

Britt HC, Harrison CM, Miller GC, Knox SA. Prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity in Australia. Med J Aust. 2008. 189(2):72-7.

Schram MT, Frijters D, van de Lisdonk EH, Ploemacher J, de Craen AJ, de Waal MW, van Rooij FJ, Heeringa J, Hofman A, Deeg DJ, Schellevis FG. Setting and registry characteristics affect the prevalence and nature of multimorbidity in the elderly. J Clin Epidemiol. 2008;61(11):1104-12.

Marengoni A, Winblad B, Karp A, Fratiglioni L. Prevalence of chronic diseases and multimorbidity among the elderly population in Sweden. Am J Public Health. 2008. 98(7):1198-200. Epub 2008 May 29.

Alonso, J., et al., Health-related quality of life associated with chronic conditions in eight countries: results from the International Quality of Life Assessment (IQOLA) Project. Quality of Life Research, 2004. 13(2): p. 283-98.

Cuijpers, P., P. van Lammeren, and B. Duzijn, Relation between quality of life and chronic illnesses in elderly living in residential homes: a prospective study. Int Psychogeriatr, 1999. 11: p. 445-54.

Fortin F, Bravo G, Hudon C, Vanasse A, Lapointe L. Prevalence of Multimorbidity Among Adults Seen in Family Practice. Ann Fam Med 2005;3:223-8.

Fried, L.P., et al., Association of comorbidity with disability in older women: the Women's Health and Aging Study. J Clin Epidemiol, 1999. 52: p. 27-37.

Fuchs, Z., et al., Morbidity, comorbidity, and their association with disability among community-dwelling oldest-old in Israel. Journals of Gerontology Series A-Biological Sciences & Medical Sciences., 1998. 53(6): p. M447-55.

Grau, L. and C. Kovner, Comorbidity, age, and hospital use among elderly Medicare patients. Journal of Aging & Health., 1991. 3(3): p. 352-67.

Guralnik, J.M., Assessing the impact of comorbidity in the older population. Ann Epidemiol, 1996. 6(5): p. 376-80.

Grimby, A. and A. Svanborg, Morbidity and health-related quality of life among ambulant elderly citizens. Aging Clin Exp Res, 1997. 9: p. 356-64.

Fillenbaum, G.G., et al., Comorbidity of five chronic health conditions in elderly community residents: determinants and impact on mortality. Journals of Gerontology Series A-Biological Sciences & Medical Sciences., 2000. 55(2): p. M84-9.

Hoffman, C., D. Rice, and H.Y. Sung, Persons with chronic conditions. Their prevalence and costs. JAMA, 1996. 276(18): p. 1473-1479.

Iron, K.S., D.G. Manuel, and J. Williams, Using a linked data set to determine the factors associated with utilization and costs of family physician services in Ontario: effects of self-reported chronic conditions. Chronic Diseases in Canada, 2003. 24(4): p. 124-32.

Kempen, G.I., M. Jelicic, and J. Ormel, Personality, chronic medical morbidity, and health-related quality of life among older persons. Health Psychol, 1997. 16(6): p. 539-46.

Kempen, G.I., et al., Adaptive responses among Dutch elderly: the impact of eight chronic medical conditions on health-related quality of life.[see comment]. American Journal of Public Health., 1997. 87(1): p. 38-44.

Macleod, U., et al., Comorbidity and socioeconomic deprivation: an observational study of the prevalence of comorbidity in general practice. European Journal of General Practice, 2004. 10(1): p. 24-6.

Menotti, A., et al., Prevalence of morbidity and multimorbidity in elderly male populations and their impact on 10-year all-cause mortality: The FINE study (Finland, Italy, Netherlands, Elderly). Journal of Clinical Epidemiology., 2001. 54(7): p. 680-6.

Metsemakers, J.F., et al., Computerized health information in The Netherlands: a registration network of family practices. Br J Gen Pract, 1992. 42: p. 102-106.

Poli, L., et al., Autopsy and multiple pathology in the elderly. Gerontology., 1993. 39(1): p. 55-63.

Rigler, S.K., et al., Co-morbidity adjustment for functional outcomes in community-dwelling older adults. Clinical Rehabilitation., 2002. 16(4): p. 420-8.

Rapoport, J., et al., Refining the measurement of the economic burden of chronic diseases in Canada. Chronic Diseases in Canada, 2004. 25(1): p. 13-21.

Rice, D.P. and M.P. LaPlante, Chronic illness, disability and increasing longevity, in Ethics and economics of long term care., E.-L.M. Sullivan S., Editor. 1988. p. 9-55.

Rochon, P.A., et al., Comorbid illness is associated with survival and length of hospital stay in patients with chronic disability. A prospective comparison of three comorbidity indices. Med Care, 1996. 34(11): p. 1093-101.

Schellevis, F.G., et al., Consultation rates and incidence of intercurrent morbidity among patients with chronic disease in general practice. British Journal of General Practice., 1994. 44(383): p. 259-62.

Schellevis, F.G., et al., Comorbidity of chronic diseases in general practice. J Clin Epidemiol, 1993. 46: p. 469-73.

Starfield, B., et al., Comorbidity: Implications for the importance of primary care in ¨case¨management. Ann Fam Med, 2003. 1: p. 8-14.

Starfield, B., et al., Ambulatory care groups: a categorization of diagnoses for research and management. Health Services Research., 1991. 26(1): p. 53-74.

Stewart, A.L., et al., Functional status and well-being of patients with chronic conditions. Results from the Medical Outcomes Study. JAMA, 1989. 262: p. 907-13.

van den Akker, M., et al., Problems in determining occurrence rates of multimorbidity. J Clin Epidemiol, 2001. 54: p. 675-9.

van den Akker, M., et al., Marginal impact of psychosocial factors on multimorbidity: results of an explorative nested case-control study. Social Science & Medicine., 2000. 50(11): p. 1679-93.

van den Akker, M., et al., Multimorbidity in general practice: prevalence, incidence, and determinants of co-occurring chronic and recurrent diseases. J Clin Epidemiol, 1998. 51: p. 367-375.

Van Weel, C., Chronic diseases in general practice: the longitudinal dimension. Eur J Gen Pract, 1996. 2: p. 17-21.

Wensing, M., E. Vingerhoets, and R. Grol, Functional status, health problems, age and comorbidity in primary care patients. Qual Life Res, 2001. 10: p. 141-8.

Wolff, J.L., B. Starfield, and G. Anderson, Prevalence, expenditures, and complications of multiple chronic conditions in the elderly. Archives of Internal Medicine, 2002. 162: p. 2269-76.

Wun, Y.T., K. Chan, and A. Lee, Co-morbidity in general practice. Family Practice., 1998. 15(3): p. 266-8.

3.2 Étiologie

Park J, Lee DS, Christakis NA, Barabási AL. The impact of cellular networks on disease comorbidity. Mol Syst Biol. 2009;5:262.

Neeleman, J., J. Ormel, and R.V. Bijl, The distribution of psychiatric and somatic III health: associations with personality and socioeconomic status. Psychosomatic Medicine., 2001. 63(2): p. 239-47.

Neeleman, J., S. Sytema, and M. Wadsworth, Propensity to psychiatric and somatic ill-health: evidence from a birth cohort. Psychological Medicine, 2002. 32(5): p. 793-803.

Rhee, S.H., et al., The validity of the Neale and Kendler model-fitting approach in examining the etiology of comorbidity. Behavior Genetics, 2004. 34(3): p. 251-65.

3.3 Corrélats biologiques

Marengoni A, Petroboni B, Casella S, Martinelli D, Cossi S. Total lymphocyte count and in-hospital mortality in older persons with multimorbidity. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2008. 20(4):290-6.

Castle, S.C., et al., Comorbidity is a better predictor of impaired immunity than chronological age in older adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2005. 53(9): p. 1565-9.

Rafi, A., W. Crawford, and W. Klaustermeyer, Declining cell-mediated immunity and increased chronic disease burden. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol, 2005. 94: p. 445-50.

3.4 Effet d’interaction

Holden, L., et al., Patterns of multimorbidity in working Australians. Popul Health Metr, 2011. 9: p. 15.

Schäfer I, von Leitner EC, Schön G, et al. Multimorbidity patterns in the elderly: a new approach of disease clustering identifies complex interrelations between chronic conditions. PLoS ONE 2010;5:e15941.

Galenkamp H, Braam AW, Huisman M, J. DD. Somatic Multimorbidity and Self-rated Health in the Older Population. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2011;66:380-6

Guh DP, Zhang W, Bansback N, Amarsi Z, Birmingham CL, Anis AH. The incidence of co-morbidities related to obesity and overweight: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 2009 Mar 25;9(1):88.

Ekundayo OJ, Muchimba M, Aban IB, Ritchie C, Campbell RC, Ahmed A. Multimorbidity due to diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease and outcomes in chronic heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 2009 Jan 1;103(1):88-92.

Ritchie C, Ekundayo OJ, Muchimba M, Campbell RC, Frank SJ, Liu B, Aban IB, Ahmed A. Effects of diabetes mellitus in patients with heart failure and chronic kidney disease: A propensity-matched study of multimorbidity in chronic heart
failure. Int J Cardiol. 2009;134(3):330-5.

Fleming, S.T., et al., A comprehensive prognostic index to predict survival based on multiple comorbidities: a focus on breast cancer. p. 601-14, 1999 Jun.

Rao, A.V., P.H. Seo, and H.J. Cohen, Geriatric assessment and comorbidity. p. 149-59, 2004 Apr.

Rijken, M., et al., Comorbidity of chronic diseases: effects of disease pairs on physical and mental functioning. Qual Life Res, 2005. 14: p. 45-55.

Repetto, L., et al., Comprehensive geriatric assessment adds information to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status in elderly cancer patients: an Italian Group for Geriatric Oncology Study. [see comment]. p. 494-502, 2002 Jan 15.

van den Akker M, Buntinx F, Roos S, Knottnerus JA. Problems in determining occurrence rates of multimorbidity. J Clin Epidemiol 2001;54:675-9.

Wee, H.L., et al., The impact of diabetes mellitus and other chronic medical conditions on health-related Quality of Life: is the whole greater than the sum of its parts? Health & Quality of Life Outcomes, 2005. 3(1): p. 2.

3.5 Variables sociodémographiques et psychosociales

Quiñones, A.R., et al., How Does the Trajectory of Multimorbidity Vary Across Black, White, and Mexican Americans in Middle and Old Age? J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. Oct 3. [Epub ahead of print], 2011.

Andrade LH et al. Clustering of psychiatric and somatic illnesses in the general population: multimorbidity and socioeconomic correlates. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2010. 43(5):483-91.

Goldstein G, Luther JF, Haas GL, Gordon AJ, Appelt C. Comorbidity Between Psychiatric and General Medical Disorders in Homeless Veterans. Psychiatr Q. 2009;80(4):199-212.

Wong, S. Y., S. W. Mercer, et al. "The influence of multi-morbidity and self-reported socio-economic standing on the prevalence of depression in an elderly Hong Kong population." BMC Public Health 2008. 8: 119.

Bayliss EA, Ellis JL, Steiner JF. Seniors' self-reported multimorbidity captured biopsychosocial factors not incorporated into two other data-based morbidity measures. J Clin Epidemiol. 2009;62(5):550-7

Schoen C, Osborn R, How SK, Doty MM, Peugh J. In Chronic Condition: Experiences Of Patients With Complex Health Care Needs, In Eight Countries, 2008. Health Aff (Millwood). 2009;28(1):w1-16.

Hassan Soubhi, Martin Fortin and Catherine Hudon. Perceived conflict in the couple and chronic illness management: Preliminary analyses from the Quebec Health Survey. BMC Family Practice 2006;7:59.Hou, F. and J. Chen, Neighbourhood low income, income inequality and health in Toronto. Health Reports, 2003. 14(2): p. 21-34.

Kempen, G.I., et al., Adaptive responses among Dutch elderly: the impact of eight chronic medical conditions on health-related quality of life. American Journal of Public Health., 1997. 87(1): p. 38-44.

Knottnerus, J.A., et al., Chronic illness in the community and the concept of 'social prevalence'. Fam Pract, 1992. 9: p. 15-21.

Neeleman, J., J. Ormel, and R.V. Bijl, The distribution of psychiatric and somatic III health: associations with personality and socioeconomic status. Psychosomatic Medicine., 2001. 63(2): p. 239-47.

Neeleman, J., S. Sytema, and M. Wadsworth, Propensity to psychiatric and somatic ill-health: evidence from a birth cohort. Psychological Medicine, 2002. 32(5): p. 793-803.

van den Akker, M., R. Vos, and J.A. Knottnerus, In an exploratory prospective study on multimorbidity general and disease-related susceptibility could be distinguished. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 2006. 59(9): p. 934-9.

van den Akker, M., et al., Psychosocial patient characteristics and GP-registered chronic morbidity: a prospective study. Journal of Psychosomatic Research., 2001. 50(2): p. 95-102.

van der Linden, M., M. van der Akker, and F. Buntinx, The relation between health locus of control and multimorbidity; a case-control study. Personality and Individual Differences, 2001. 30: p. 1189-97.

van den Akker, M., et al., Marginal impact of psychosocial factors on multimorbidity: results of an explorative nested case-control study. Social Science & Medicine., 2000. 50(11): p. 1679-93.

3.6 Variables liées aux soins hospitaliers

Condelius, A., A. K. Edberg, et al. "Hospital admissions among people 65+ related to multimorbidity, municipal and outpatient care." Archives of Gerontology & Geriatrics 2008. 46(1): 41-55.

Fernández Miera, M. F. "[Patients with multimorbidity in the hospital setting.][Spanish]." Gac Sanit 2008. 22: 137-41.

Marengoni A et al. Poor mental and physical health differentially contributes to disability in hospitalized geriatric patients of different ages. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2004. 19(1): p. 27-34.

Beddhu, S., et al., A simple comorbidity scale predicts clinical outcomes and costs in dialysis patients. Am J Med, 2000. 108: p. 609-13.

Beddhu, S., et al., The effects of comorbid conditions on the outcomes of patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.[comment]. American Journal of Medicine., 2002. 112(9): p. 696-701.

Bergeron, E., et al., Comorbidity and age are both independent predictors of length of hospitalization in trauma patients. Canadian Journal of Surgery, 2005. 48(5): p. 361-6.

van den Bos, G.A., The burden of chronic diseases in terms of disability, use of health care and healthy life expectancies. Eur J Public Health, 1995. 5: p. 29-34.

Buntinx, F., et al., Evaluation of Charlson's comorbidity index in elderly living in nursing homes. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology., 2002. 55(11): p. 1144-7.

Christakis, N.A. and J.J. Escarce, Survival of Medicare patients after enrollment in hospice programs.[see comment]. New England Journal of Medicine., 1996. 335(3): p. 172-8.

Clough, R.A., et al., The effect of comorbid illness on mortality outcomes in cardiac surgery. Archives of Surgery., 2002. 137(4): p. 428-32; discussion 432-3.

Ettinger, W.H., et al., Long-term physical functioning in persons with knee osteoarthritis from NHANES. I: Effects of comorbid medical conditions. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 1994. 47(7): p. 809-15.

Fan, V.S., et al., Validation of case-mix measures derived from self-reports of diagnoses and health. J Clin Epidemiol, 2002. 55: p. 371-80.

Fried, L.P., et al., Risk factors for 5-year mortality in older adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study.[see comment]. Jama, 1998. 279(8): p. 585-92.

Grau, L. and C. Kovner, Comorbidity, age, and hospital use among elderly Medicare patients. Journal of Aging & Health., 1991. 3(3): p. 352-67.

Gray, L.K., et al., Heterogeneity in older people: examining physiologic failure, age, and comorbidity. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society., 2002. 50(12): p. 1955-61.

Greenfield, S., et al., The importance of co-existent disease in the occurrence of postoperative complications and one-year recovery in patients undergoing total hip replacement. Comorbidity and outcomes after hip replacement. Med Care, 1993. 31: p. 141-54.

Holman, C.D., et al., A multipurpose comorbidity scoring system performed better than the Charlson index. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 2005. 58(10): p. 1006-14.

Incalzi, R.A., et al., The interaction between age and comorbidity contributes to predicting the mortality of geriatric patients in the acute-care hospital. J Intern Med, 1997. 242: p. 291-8.

Librero, J., S. Peiro, and R. Ordinana, Chronic comorbidity and outcomes of hospital care: length of stay, mortality, and readmission at 30 and 365 days. J Clin Epidemiol, 1999. 52: p. 171-9.

Lyketsos, C.G., et al., Medical comorbidity in psychiatric inpatients: relation to clinical outcomes and hospital length of stay. Psychosomatics., 2002. 43(1): p. 24-30.

Lyketsos, C.G., et al., The General Medical Health Rating: a bedside global rating of medical comorbidity in patients with dementia. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society., 1999. 47(4): p. 487-91.

McGee, D., et al., Patterns of comorbidity and mortality risk in blacks and whites. Annals of Epidemiology., 1996. 6(5): p. 381-5.

McPherson, C.P., K.K. Swenson, and M.W. Lee, The effects of mammographic detection and comorbidity on the survival of older women with breast cancer. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society., 2002. 50(6): p. 1061-8.

Naessens, J.M. and T.R. Huschka, Distinguishing hospital complications of care from pre-existing conditions. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 2004. 16 Suppl 1: p. i27-35.

Orwelius, L., et al., Role of preexisting disease in patients' perceptions of health-related quality of life after intensive care.[see comment]. Critical Care Medicine, 2005. 33(7): p. 1557-64.

Perkins, A.J., et al., Common comorbidity scales were similar in their ability to predict health care costs and mortality. J Clin Epidemiol, 2004. 57: p. 1040-1048.

Piccirillo, J.F., et al., Prognostic importance of comorbidity in a hospital-based cancer registry. JAMA, 2004. 291(20): p. 2441-7.

Poli, L., et al., Autopsy and multiple pathology in the elderly. Gerontology., 1993. 39(1): p. 55-63.

Pompei, P., M.E. Charlson, and R.G. Douglas, Jr., Clinical assessments as predictors of one year survival after hospitalization: implications for prognostic stratification. J Clin Epidemiol, 1988. 41: p. 275-84.

Poses, R.M., et al., Prediction of survival of critically ill patients by admission comorbidity. J Clin Epidemiol, 1996. 49(7): p. 743-7.

Roe, C.J., et al., Comorbidities and prediction of length of hospital stay. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Medicine., 1998. 28(6): p. 811-5.

Turesson, C., et al., Occurrence of extraarticular disease manifestations is associated with excess mortality in a community based cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of Rheumatology., 2002. 29(1): p. 62-7.

Verbrugge, L.M., J.M. Lepkowski, and Y. Imanaka, Comorbidity and its impact on disability. Milbank Quarterly, 1989. 67: p. 450-84.

Wasielewski, R.C., et al., Patient comorbidity: relationship to outcomes of total knee arthroplasty. Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research, 1998(356): p. 85-92.

West, D.W., et al., Comorbidity and breast cancer survival: a comparison between black and white women. Ann Epidemiol, 1996. 6(5): p. 413-9.

Wolff, J.L., B. Starfield, and G. Anderson, Prevalence, expenditures, and complications of multiple chronic conditions in the elderly. Archives of Internal Medicine, 2002. 162: p. 2269-76.

3.7 Utilisation des ressources

van den Bussche, H., et al., Patterns of ambulatory medical care utilization in elderly patients with special reference to chronic diseases and multimorbidity - Results from a claims data based observational study in Germany. BMC Geriatrics, 2011. 11: p. 54.

Beasley, J.W., et al., How many problems do family physicians manage at each encounter? A WReN study. Ann Fam Med, 2004. 2: p. 405-10.

Beddhu, S., et al., The effects of comorbid conditions on the outcomes of patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.[comment]. American Journal of Medicine., 2002. 112(9): p. 696-701.

Blumenthal, D., et al., The duration of ambulatory visits to physicians. Journal of Family Practice., 1999. 48(4): p. 264-71.

Buntinx, F., et al., Evaluation of Charlson's comorbidity index in elderly living in nursing homes. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology., 2002. 55(11): p. 1144-7.

Elixhauser, A., et al., Comorbidity measures for use with administrative data. Medical Care., 1998. 36(1): p. 8-27.

Fan, V.S., et al., Using quality of life to predict hospitalization and mortality in patients with obstructive lung diseases. Chest, 2002. 122(2): p. 429-36.

Flocke, S.A., S.H. Frank, and D.A. Wenger, Addressing multiple problems in the family practice office visit. J Fam Pract, 2001. 50: p. 211-6.

Fryback, D.G., et al., The Beaver Dam Health Outcomes Study: initial catalog of health-state quality factors. Med Decis Making., 1993. 13(2): p. 89-102.

Grau, L. and C. Kovner, Comorbidity, age, and hospital use among elderly Medicare patients. Journal of Aging & Health., 1991. 3(3): p. 352-67.

Hansagi, H., et al., Frequent use of the hospital emergency department is indicative of high use of other health care services. Ann Emerg Med, 2001. 37: p. 561-7.

Østbye, T., et al., Is there time for management of patients with chronic diseases in primary care? Ann Fam Med, 2005. 3: p. 209-214.

Payne, S.M., et al., Utilization of medical services by Veterans Health Study (VHS) respondents. Journal of Ambulatory Care Management, 2005. 28(2): p. 125-40.

Rapoport, J., et al., Refining the measurement of the economic burden of chronic diseases in Canada. Chronic Diseases in Canada, 2004. 25(1): p. 13-21.

Stafford, R.S., et al., Trends in adult visits to primary care physicians in the United States.[see comment]. Archives of Family Medicine., 1999. 8(1): p. 26-32.

Stange, K.C., et al., The value of a family physician. Journal of Family Practice, 1998. 46(5): p. 363-8.

Stange, K.C., et al., Illuminating the 'black box'. A description of 4454 patient visits to 138 family physicians. Journal of Family Practice, 1998. 46(5): p. 377-89.

Starfield, B., et al., Comorbidity: Implications for the importance of primary care in ¨case¨management. Ann Fam Med, 2003. 1: p. 8-14.

Starfield, B., et al., Comorbidity and the use of primary care and specialist care in the elderly. Ann Fam Med, 2005. 3: p. 215-22.

Starfield, B., et al., Ambulatory care groups: a categorization of diagnoses for research and management. Health Services Research., 1991. 26(1): p. 53-74.

Vozehova, S., et al., Trends in primary health care consumption by the elderly. Acta Medica Austriaca., 2003. 30(2): p. 48-50.

Westert, G.P., et al., Patterns of comorbidity and the use of health services in the Dutch population. European Journal of Public Health, 2001. 11(4): p. 365-72.

Wyke, S., et al., Frequent attendance, socioeconomic status and burden of ill health. An investigation in the west of Scotland.[comment]. European Journal of General Practice, 2003. 9(2): p. 48-55.

van den Bos, G.A., The burden of chronic diseases in terms of disability, use of health care and healthy life expectancies. Eur J Public Health, 1995. 5: p. 29-34.

Hoffman, C., D. Rice, and H.Y. Sung, Persons with chronic conditions. Their prevalence and costs. JAMA, 1996. 276(18): p. 1473-1479.

Wolff, J.L., B. Starfield, and G. Anderson, Prevalence, expenditures, and complications of multiple chronic conditions in the elderly. Archives of Internal Medicine, 2002. 162: p. 2269-76.

Xakellis, G.C., Are patients who use a generalist physician healthier than those who seek specialty care directly? Family Medicine, 2005. 37(10): p. 719-26.

Zailinawati, A.H., et al., Why do patients with chronic illnesses fail to keep their appointments? A telephone interview. Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health, 2006. 18(1): p. 10-5.

3.8 Qualité de vie et niveau fonctionnel

Hunger, M., et al., Multimorbidity and health-related quality of life in the older population: results from the German KORA-age study. Health Qual Life Outcomes, 2011. 9: p. 53.

Drewes YM, den Elzen WP, Mooijaart SP, de Craen AJ, Assendelft WJ, Gussekloo J. The effect of cognitive impairment on the predictive value of multimorbidity for the increase in disability in the oldest old: the Leiden 85-plus Study. Age Ageing 2011;40:352-7.

Warner LM et al. Giving and taking--differential effects of providing, receiving and anticipating emotional support on quality of life in adults with multiple illnesses. J Health Psychol. 2010. 15(5):660-70.

Hodek JM, Ruhe AK, Greiner W.Relationship Between Health-Related Quality of Life and Multimorbidity. Gesundheitswesen. 2009 Sep 29. [Epub ahead of print]

Heyworth IT, Hazell ML, Linehan MF, Frank TL. How do common chronic conditions affect health-related quality of life? Br J Gen Pract. 2009. 59:e353-8.

Miranda de Nóbrega TC, Jaluul O, Machado AN, Paschoal SM, Jacob Filho W. Quality of life and multimorbidity of elderly outpatients. Clinics. 2009. 64(1):45-50.

Kadam UT, Schellevis FG, Lewis M, van der Windt DA, de Vet HC, Bouter LM, Croft PR. Does age modify the relationship between morbidity severity and physical health in English and Dutch family practice populations?. Qual Life Res. 2009. 18(2):209-20.

Marengoni A, von Strauss E, Rizzuto D, Winblad B, Fratiglioni L. The impact of chronic multimorbidity and disability on functional decline and survival in elderly persons. A community-based, longitudinal study. J Intern Med. 2009. 265(2):288-95.

Bayliss, E. A., J. L. Ellis, et al. "Barriers to self-management and quality-of-life outcomes in seniors with multimorbidities." Annals of Family Medicine 2007. 5(5): 395-402.

Kadam, U. T., P. R. Croft, et al. "Clinical multimorbidity and physical function in older adults: a record and health status linkage study in general practice." Family Practice 2007. 24(5): 412-9

Takayama, M., N. Hirose, et al. "Morbidity of Tokyo-area centenarians and its relationship to functional status." Journals of Gerontology Series A-Biological Sciences & Medical Sciences 2007. 62(7): 774-82.

Walker, A. E. "Multiple chronic diseases and quality of life: patterns emerging from a large national sample, Australia." Chronic Illness 2007. 3(3): 202-18.

Bounthavong M, Law AV. Identifying health-related quality of life (HRQL) domains for multiple chronic conditions (diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia): patient and provider perspectives. J Eval Clin Pract. 2008. 14(6):1002-11.

Adams, R.J., et al., Coexistent chronic conditions and asthma quality of life: a population-based study. Chest, 2006. 129: p. 285-91.

Bayliss, E.A., et al., Predicting declines in physical function in persons with multiple chronic medical conditions: what we can learn from the medical problem list. Health Qual Life Outcomes, 2004. 2: p. 47.

Bayliss, E.A., J.L. Ellis, and J.F. Steiner, Subjective assessments of comorbidity correlate with quality of life health outcomes: Initial validation of a comorbidity assessment instrument. Health and Quality of life Outcomes, 2005. 3: p. 51.

Berardi, D., et al., Mental, physical and functional status in primary care attenders. International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine., 1999. 29(2): p. 133-48.

Chen, A.Y., J. Daley, and G.E. Thibault, Angina patients' ratings of current health and health without angina: associations with severity of angina and comorbidity.[see comment]. Medical Decision Making., 1996. 16(2): p. 169-77.

Cheng, L., et al., Health related quality of life in pregeriatric patients witn chronic diseases at urban, public supported clinics. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 2003. 1:63.

Crabtree, H.L., et al., The Comorbidity Symptom Scale: a combined disease inventory and assessment of symptom severity. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society., 2000. 48(12): p. 1674-8.

Doll, H.A., S.E. Petersen, and S.L. Stewart-Brown, Obesity and physical and emotional well-being: associations between body mass index, chronic illness, and the physical and mental components of the SF-36 questionnaire. Obesity Research., 2000. 8(2): p. 160-70.

Erickson, S.R., et al., Relationship between patient and disease characteristics, and health-related quality of life in adults with asthma. Respiratory Medicine, 2002. 96(6): p. 450-460.

Ferrer, M., et al., Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease stage and health-related quality of life. The Quality of Life of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Study Group. Annals of Internal Medicine., 1997. 127(12): p. 1072-9.

Fortin M, Bravo G, Hudon C, Lapointe L, Almirall J, Dubois M-F, Vanasse A. Relationship between multimorbidity and health-related quality of life of patients in primary care. Qual Life Res 2006;15:83-91.

Fortin M, Lapointe L, Hudon C, Vanasse A, Ntetu AL, Maltais D. Multimorbidity and quality of life in primary care: a systematic review. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2004;2:51.

Fried, L.P., et al., Association of comorbidity with disability in older women: the Women's Health and Aging Study. J Clin Epidemiol, 1999. 52: p. 27-37.

Fried, L.P. and J.M. Guralnik, Disability in older adults: evidence regarding significance, etiology, and risk. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 1997. 45(1): p. 92-100.

Fryback, D.G., et al., The Beaver Dam Health Outcomes Study: initial catalog of health-state quality factors. Med Decis Making., 1993. 13(2): p. 89-102.

Glasgow, R.E., et al., Quality of life and associated characteristics in a large national sample of adults with diabetes. Diabetes Care., 1997. 20(4): p. 562-7.

Grimby, A. and A. Svanborg, Morbidity and health-related quality of life among ambulant elderly citizens. Aging Clin Exp Res, 1997. 9: p. 356-64.

Haan, M.N. and M. Weldon, The influence of diabetes, hypertension, and stroke on ethnic differences in physical and cognitive functioning in an ethnically diverse older population. Annals of Epidemiology., 1996. 6(5): p. 392-8.

Hoffman, C., D. Rice, and H.Y. Sung, Persons with chronic conditions. Their prevalence and costs. JAMA, 1996. 276(18): p. 1473-1479.

Katz, D.A. and C.A. McHorney, The relationship between insomnia and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic illness. Journal of Family Practice., 2002. 51(3): p. 229-35.

Katz, D.A., C.A. McHorney, and R.L. Atkinson, Impact of obesity on health-related quality of life in patients with chronic illness. Journal of General Internal Medicine., 2000. 15(11): p. 789-96.

Kempen, G.I., M. Jelicic, and J. Ormel, Personality, chronic medical morbidity, and health-related quality of life among older persons. Health Psychol, 1997. 16(6): p. 539-46.

Kusek, J.W., et al., Cross-sectional study of health-related quality of life in African Americans with chronic renal insufficiency: the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension Trial. American Journal of Kidney Diseases., 2002. 39(3): p. 513-24.

Lahad, A. and Y. Yodfat, Impact of comorbidity on well-being in hypertension: case control study. Journal of Human Hypertension., 1993. 7(6): p. 611-4.

Lam, C.L.K., Reliability and construct validity of the Chinese (Hong Kong) SF-36 patients in primary care. Hong Kong Practitioner, 2003. 25(10): p. 468-475.

Lyketsos, C.G., et al., Medical comorbidity in psychiatric inpatients: relation to clinical outcomes and hospital length of stay. Psychosomatics., 2002. 43(1): p. 24-30.

Maddigan, S.L., D.H. Feeny, and J.A. Johnson, Health-related quality of life deficits associated with diabetes and comorbidities in a Canadian National Population Health Survey. Qual Life Res, 2005. 14: p. 1311-20.

Merkus, M.P., et al., Quality of life in patients on chronic dialysis: self-assessment 3 months after the start of treatment. The Necosad Study Group. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 1997. 29(4): p. 584-92.

Michelson, H., C. Bolund, and Y. Brandberg, Multiple chronic health problems are negatively asociated with health related quality of life (HRQoL) irrespective of age. Qual Life Res, 2000. 9: p. 1093-104.

Miller, R.R., et al., Effect of medical conditions on improvement in self-reported and observed functional performance of elders. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2004. 52(2): p. 217-23.

Noel, P.H., et al., Depression and comorbid illness in elderly primary care patients: impact on multiple domains of health status and well-being. p. 555-62, 2004 Nov-Dec.

Oldridge, N.B., et al., Prevalence and outcomes of comorbid metabolic and cardiovascular conditions in middle- and older-age adults. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 2001. 54(9): p. 928-934.

Orwelius, L., et al., Role of preexisting disease in patients' perceptions of health-related quality of life after intensive care.[see comment]. Critical Care Medicine, 2005. 33(7): p. 1557-64.

Osterhaus, J.T., et al., Measuring the functional status and well-being of patients with migraine headache. Headache, 1994. 34(6): p. 337-343.

Rice, D.P. and M.P. LaPlante, Chronic illness, disability and increasing longevity, in Ethics and economics of long term care., E.-L.M. Sullivan S., Editor. 1988. p. 9-55.

Rigler, S.K., et al., Co-morbidity adjustment for functional outcomes in community-dwelling older adults. Clinical Rehabilitation., 2002. 16(4): p. 420-8.

Rijken, M., et al., Comorbidity of chronic diseases: effects of disease pairs on physical and mental functioning. Qual Life Res, 2005. 14: p. 45-55.

Rozzini, R., et al., Geriatric Index of Comorbidity: validation and comparison with other measures of comorbidity. Age Ageing, 2002. 31(4): p. 277-85.

Sapp, A.L., et al., Social networks and quality of life among female long-term colorectal cancer survivors. Cancer, 2003. 98(8): p. 1749-1758.

Small, G.W., et al., Impact of physical illness on quality of life and antidepressant response in geriatric major depression. Fluoxetine Collaborative Study Group. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society., 1996. 44(10): p. 1220-5.

Sprangers, M.A., et al., Which chronic conditions are associated with better or poorer quality of life? Journal of Clinical Epidemiology., 2000. 53(9): p. 895-907.

Stein, M.B. and E. Barrett-Connor, Quality of life in older adults receiving medications for anxiety, depression, or insomnia: Findings from a community-based study. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2002. 10(5): p. 568-574.

Stewart, A.L., et al., Functional status and well-being of patients with chronic conditions. Results from the Medical Outcomes Study. JAMA, 1989. 262: p. 907-13.

Sturm, R. and K.B. Wells, Does obesity contribute as much to morbidity as poverty or smoking? Public Health, 2001. 115(3): p. 229-235.

Talamo, J., et al., Use of the short form 36 (SF36) for health status measurement in rheumatoid arthritis. British Journal of Rheumatology., 1997. 36(4): p. 463-9.

Vacek, P.M., et al., Factors influencing quality of life in breast cancer survivors. Quality of Life Research, 2003. 12(5): p. 527-37.

van den Bos, G.A., The burden of chronic diseases in terms of disability, use of health care and healthy life expectancies. Eur J Public Health, 1995. 5: p. 29-34.

Van Manen, J.G., et al., The influence of COPD on health-related quality of life independent of the influence of comorbidity. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 2003. 56(12): p. 1177-1184.

van Manen, J.G., et al., Added value of co-morbidity in predicting health-related quality of life in COPD patients. Respiratory Medicine, 2001. 95(6): p. 496-504.

Verbrugge, L.M., J.M. Lepkowski, and Y. Imanaka, Comorbidity and its impact on disability. Milbank Quarterly, 1989. 67: p. 450-84.

Wang, S.J., et al., Quality of life differs among headache diagnoses: analysis of SF-36 survey in 901 headache patients. Pain., 2001. 89(2-3): p. 285-92.

Wensing, M., E. Vingerhoets, and R. Grol, Functional status, health problems, age and comorbidity in primary care patients. Qual Life Res, 2001. 10: p. 141-8.

Xuan, J., et al., Effects of comorbidity on health-related quality-of-life scores: an analysis of clinical trial data. Clin Ther, 1999. 21(2): p. 383-403.

3.9 Détresse psychologique et dépression

Spangenberg L, Forkmann T, Brähler E, Glaesmer H. The association of depression and multimorbidity in the elderly: implications for the assessment of depression. Psychogeriatrics. 2011;11:227-34.

Vyas, A. and U. Sambamoorthi, Multimorbidity and depression treatment. Gen Hosp Psychiatry, 2011. 33: p. 238-45.

Findley, P., C. Shen, and U. Sambamoorthi, Multimorbidity and persistent depression among veterans with diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension. Health Soc Work, 2011. 36: p. 109-19.

Gunn JM, Ayton DR, Densley K, et al. The association between chronic illness, multimorbidity and depressive symptoms in an Australian primary care cohort. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol Dec 25 [Epub ahead of print] 2010.

Fortin M, Hudon C, Bayliss EA, Soubhi H, Lapointe L. Caring for Body and Soul: The Importance of Recognizing and Managing Psychological Distress in Persons with Multimorbidity. Int’l J Psychiatry in Medicine 2007; 37: 1-9.

Brown, C., H.C. Schulberg, and H.G. Prigerson, Factors associated with symptomatic improvement and recovery from major depression in primary care patients. General Hospital Psychiatry, 2000. 22(4): p. 242-50.

Coulehan, J.L., et al., Depressive symptomatology and medical co-morbidity in a primary care clinic. International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 1990. 20(4): p. 335-47.

Coulehan, J.L., et al., Medical comorbidity of major depressive disorder in a primary medical practice. Archives of Internal Medicine, 1990. 150(11): p. 2363-7.

Druss, B. and H. Pincus, Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in general medical illnesses. Arch Intern Med, 2000. 160: p. 1522-6.

Fortin M, Bravo G, Hudon C, Lapointe L, Dubois M-F, Almirall J. Psychological Distress and Multimorbidity in Primary Care. Ann Fam Med 2006;4:417-22.

Goodwin, R.D., A. Marusic, and C.W. Hoven, Suicide attempts in the United States: the role of physical illness. Soc Sci Med, 2003. 56: p. 1783-8.

Johnson, E.H. and A. Arbor, Psychiatric morbidity and health problems among black Americans: a national survey. Journal of the National Medical Association, 1989. 81: p. 1217-23.

Joshi, K., R. Kumar, and A. Avasthi, Morbidity profile and its relationship with disability and pyschological distress among elderly people in Northern India. International Journal of Epidemiology, 2003. 32: p. 978-87.

Katon, W., et al., Behavioral and clinical factors associated with depression among individuals with diabetes. Diabetes Care, 2004. 27(4): p. 914-20.

Leentjens AFG, van den Akker M, Metsemakers JFM, Lousberg R, Verhey FRJ.Higher incidence of depression preceding the onset of Parkinson’s disease: a register study. Mov Disord 2003;18:414-18.

Lowe, B., et al., Predictors of psychiatric comorbidity in medical outpatients. Psychosomatic Medicine, 2003. 65(5): p. 764-70.

Lyketsos, C.G., et al., Medical comorbidity in psychiatric inpatients: relation to clinical outcomes and hospital length of stay. Psychosomatics., 2002. 43(1): p. 24-30.

Nuyen, J., et al., Accuracy of diagnosing depression in primary care: the impact of chronic somatic and psychiatric co-morbidity. Psychological Medicine, 2005. 35(8): p. 1185-95.

Rabinowitz, J., et al., Primary care physicians' detection of psychological distress among elderly patients. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, 2005. 13: p. 773-80.

Schuurman AG, van den Akker M, Ensinck KTJL, Metsemakers JFM, Knottnerus JA, Leentjens AFG, Buntinx F. Increased risk of Parkinson’s disease after depression: a retrospective cohort study. Neurology 2002;58:1501-4.

Seeman, T.E., et al., The health consequences of multiple morbidity in the elderly. The Alameda County study. Journal of Aging & Health, 1989. 1(1): p. 50-66.

Thurston-Hicks, A., et al., Functional impairment associated with psychological distress and medical severity in rural primary care patients. Psychiatric Services, 1998. 49(7): p. 951-5.

van den Akker M, Schuurman A, Metsemakers J, Buntinx F. Is depression related to subsequent diabetes mellitus? Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 2004;110:178-83.

3.10 Médication

Haverhals LM, Lee CA, Siek KA, Darr CA, Linnebur SA, Ruscin JM, et al. Older adults with multi-morbidity: medication management processes and design implications for personal health applications. J Med Internet Res. 2011;13:e44.

Nobili A, Marengoni A, Tettamanti M, Salerno F, Pasina L, Franchi C, et al. Association between clusters of diseases and polypharmacy in hospitalized elderly patients: results from the REPOSI study. Eur J Intern Med. 2011;22:597-602.

Richardson, K., et al., Variation over time in the association between polypharmacy and mortality in the older population. Drugs Aging, 2011. 28: p.:547-60.

Schüz B, Marx C, Wurm S, et al. Medication beliefs predict medication adherence in older adults with multiple illnesses. J Psychosom Res 37(6):565-74 2011;70:179-87.

Jansà M et al. Multidimensional analysis of treatment adherence in patients with multiple chronic conditions. A cross-sectional study in a tertiary hospital. Patient Educ Couns. 2010;81(2):161-8.

Lewis, N. J., C. Bugdalski-Stutrud, et al. "The Medication Assessment Program: comprehensive medication assessments for persons taking multiple medications for chronic diseases." Journal of the American Pharmacists Association: JAPhA 2008. 48(2): 171-80.

Lin, H. Y., C. C. Liao, et al. "Association of potentially inappropriate medication use with adverse outcomes in ambulatory elderly patients with chronic diseases: experience in a Taiwanese medical setting." Drugs & Aging 2008. 25(1): 49-59.

Salazar, J. A., I. Poon, et al. "Clinical consequences of polypharmacy in elderly: expect the unexpected, think the unthinkable." Expert Opinion on Drug Safety 2007. 6(6): 695-704.

Thier, S. L., K. S. Yu-Isenberg, et al. "In chronic disease, nationwide data show poor adherence by patients to medication and by physicians to guidelines." Manag Care 2008. 17: 48-52, 55-7.

Bayliss, E.A., et al., Descriptions of barriers to self-care by persons with comorbid chronic diseases. Ann Fam Med, 2003. 1: p. 15-21.

Biollaz, J. and T. Buclin, [Multiple diseases: should we treat them all?][French]. Revue Medicale Suisse, 2005. 1(14): p. 941-7.

Froom, J. and J. Trilling, Reducing antihypertensive medication use in nursing home patients. Archives of Family Medicine, 2000. 9(4): p. 378-83.

Fryback, D.G., et al., The Beaver Dam Health Outcomes Study: initial catalog of health-state quality factors. Med Decis Making., 1993. 13(2): p. 89-102.

Retta, T.M. and O.S. Randall, Hypertension and concomitant diseases: a guide for evidence-based therapy. Journal of the National Medical Association, 2004. 96(4): p. 450-60.

Wang, P.S., et al., Effects of noncardiovascular comorbidities on antihypertensive use in elderly hypertensives. Hypertension, 2005. 46(2): p. 273-9.

Zhan, C., et al., Potentially inappropriate medication use in the community-dwelling elderly: findings from the 1996 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. JAMA, 2001. 286: p. 2823-9.

Stafford, R.S., et al., Trends in adult visits to primary care physicians in the United States. Archives of Family Medicine., 1999. 8(1): p. 26-32.

Stevenson, J., et al., Managing comorbidities in patients at the end of life. BMJ, 2004. 329: p. 909-12.

Stuck, A.E., et al., Risk factors for functional status decline in community-living elderly people: a systematic literature review. Social Science & Medicine., 1999. 48(4): p. 445-69.

Townsend, A., K. Hunt, and S. Wyke, Managing multiple morbidity in mid-life: a qualitative study of attitudes to drug use. BMJ, 2003. 327(7419): p. 837.

3.11 Soutien social

Bayliss, E.A., et al., Descriptions of barriers to self-care by persons with comorbid chronic diseases. Ann Fam Med, 2003. 1: p. 15-21.

van den Akker, M., et al., Psychosocial patient characteristics and GP-registered chronic morbidity: a prospective study. Journal of Psychosomatic Research., 2001. 50(2): p. 95-102.

van den Akker, M., et al., Marginal impact of psychosocial factors on multimorbidity: results of an explorative nested case-control study. Social Science & Medicine., 2000. 50(11): p. 1679-93.

3.12 Autres variables de type clinique

Gilbert AL, Caughey GE, Vitry AI, Clark A, Ryan P, McDermott RA, et al. Ageing well: Improving the management of patients with multiple chronic health problems. Australas J Ageing. 2011;30 (SUPPL.2):32-7.

Perruccio, A.V., J.N. Katz, and E. Losina, Health burden in chronic disease: multimorbidity is associated with self-rated health more than medical comorbidity alone. J Clin Epidemiol. Aug 9. [Epub ahead of print], 2011.

Tinetti, M.E., et al., Contribution of Multiple Chronic Conditions to Universal Health Outcomes. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011 Aug 30. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.

Landi F et al. Disability, more than multimorbidity, was predictive of mortality among older persons aged 80 years and older. J Clin Epidemiol. 2010. 63(7):752-9.

Caughey GE, Ramsay EN, Vitry AI, et al. Comorbid chronic diseases, discordant impact on mortality in the elderly; a 14 year longitudinal population study. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2010;64(12):1036-42.

Butchart A, Kerr EA, Heisler M, Piette JD, Krein SL. Experience and management of chronic pain among patients with other complex chronic conditions. Clin J Pain. 2009. 25(4):293-8.

Lee, T. A., A. E. Shields, et al. "Mortality rate in veterans with multiple chronic conditions." Journal of General Internal Medicine 2007. 22 Suppl 3: 403-7.

Mercer, S. W., B. Fitzpatrick, et al. "More time for complex consultations in a high-deprivation practice is associated with increased patient enablement." British Journal of General Practice 2007. 57(545): 960-6.

Min, L. C., N. S. Wenger, et al. "Multimorbidity is associated with better quality of care among vulnerable elders." Medical Care 2007. 45(6): 480-8.

Bae S, Rosenthal MB. Patients with Multiple Chronic Conditions Do Not Receive Lower Quality of Preventive Care. J Gen Intern Med. 2008;23(12):1933-9.

Bergland, A., G.B. Jarnlo, and K. Laake, Predictors of falls in the elderly by location. Aging-Clinical & Experimental Research, 2003. 15(1): p. 43-50.

Katz, D.A. and C.A. McHorney, The relationship between insomnia and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic illness. Journal of Family Practice., 2002. 51(3): p. 229-35.

Katz, D.A., C.A. McHorney, and R.L. Atkinson, Impact of obesity on health-related quality of life in patients with chronic illness. Journal of General Internal Medicine., 2000. 15(11): p. 789-96.

Lyketsos, C.G., et al., Medical comorbidity in psychiatric inpatients: relation to clinical outcomes and hospital length of stay. Psychosomatics., 2002. 43(1): p. 24-30.

Sharkey, J.R., Risk and presence of food insufficiency are associated with low nutrient intakes and multimorbidity among homebound older women who receive home-delivered meals. Journal of Nutrition, 2003. 133(11): p. 3485-91.

Tan, C.P., A. Ng, and I. Civil, Co-morbidities in trauma patients: common and significant. New Zealand Medical Journal, 2004. 117(1201): p. U1044.

Wang, S.J., et al., Quality of life differs among headache diagnoses: analysis of SF-36 survey in 901 headache patients. Pain., 2001. 89(2-3): p. 285-92.

3.13 Généralisabilité des essais cliniques

Nichol MBet al. Nonadherence to clinical practice guidelines and medications for multiple chronic conditions in a California Medicaid population. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2010. 50(4):496-507.

Boyd, C.M., et al., Clinical practice guidelines and quality of care for older patients with multiple comorbid diseases: implications for pay for performance. JAMA, 2005. 294: p. 716-24.

Cabana, M.D., et al., Why don't physicians follow clinical practice guidelines? A framework for improvement. JAMA, 1999. 282: p. 1458-65.

Caro, J.J. and K. Migliaccio-Walle, Generalizing the results of clinical trials to actual practice: the example of clopidogrel therapy for the prevention of vascular events. CAPRA (CAPRIE Actual Practice Rates Analysis) Study Group. Clopidogrel versus Aspirin in Patients at Risk of Ischaemic Events. Am J Med, 1999. 107(6): p. 568-72.

CMAJ, Patient n plus 1. CMAJ, 2005. 172: p. 1525.

Fortin M, Dionne J, Pinho G, Gignac J, Almirall J, Lapointe L. Randomized Controlled Trials: Do They Have External Validity for Patients With Multiple Comorbidities? Ann. Fam. Med 2006;4:104-8.

Moroney, J.T., et al., Treatment for the secondary prevention of stroke in older patients: the influence of dementia status. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 1999. 47: p. 824-9.

Gurwitz, J.H., N.F. Col, and J. Avorn, The exclusion of the elderly and women from clinical trials in acute myocardial infarction. JAMA, 1992. 268: p. 1417-22.

Oliveria, S.A., et al., Physician-related barriers to the effective management of uncontrolled hypertension. Arch Intern Med, 2002. 162: p. 413-20.

Rothwell, P.M., External validity of randomised controlled trials: "to whom do the results of this trial apply?" Lancet., 2005. 365: p. 82-93.

Tinetti, M.E., S.T. Bogardus, Jr., and J.V. Agostini, Potential pitfalls of disease-specific guidelines for patients with multiple conditions. N Engl J Med, 2004. 351: p. 2870-4.

van Weel, C. and F.G. Schellevis, Comorbidity and guidelines: conflicting interests. Lancet, 2006. 367: p. 550-1.

Biollaz, J. and T. Buclin, [Multiple diseases: should we treat them all?][French]. Revue Medicale Suisse, 2005. 1(14): p. 941-7.

3.14 Autres

Grant RW, Ashburner JM, Hong CC, Chang Y, Barry MJ, Atlas SJ. Defining Patient Complexity From the Primary Care Physician's Perspective: A Cohort Study. Ann Intern Med. 2011;155:797-804.

Gulley, S.P., E.K. Rasch, and L. Chan, The complex web of health: relationships among chronic conditions, disability, and health services. Public Health Rep, 2011. 126: p. 495-507.

Fried, T.R., et al., Health Outcome Prioritization as a Tool for Decision Making Among Older Persons With Multiple Chronic Conditions. Arch Intern Med. 2011;171(20):1854-6.

Naessens JM, Stroebel RJ, Finnie DM, et al. Effect of multiple chronic conditions among working-age adults. Am J Manag Care 2011;17:118-22.

Wong A, Boshuizen HC, Schellevis FG, Kommer GJ, Polder JJ. Longitudinal administrative data can be used to examine multimorbidity, provided false discoveries are controlled for. J Clin Epidemiol 2011;64(10):1109-17.

Tucker-Seeley RD, Li Y, Sorensen G, Subramanian S. Lifecourse socioeconomic circumstances and multimorbidity among older adults. BMC Public Health 2011;11:313.

Schäfer I, Hansen H, Schon G, et al. The German MultiCare-study: Patterns of multimorbidity in primary health care - Protocol of a prospective cohort study. BMC Health Services Research. 2009;9(145).

Akner G. Analysis of multimorbidity in individual elderly nursing home residents. Development of a multimorbidity matrix. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2009 Jan 28. [Epub ahead of print]

Marengoni A, Rizzuto D, Wang HX, Winblad B, Fratiglioni L. Patterns of chronic multimorbidity in the elderly population. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2009 Feb;57(2):225-30.

Charlson, M., R. E. Charlson, et al. "Can disease management target patients most likely to generate high costs? The impact of comorbidity." Journal of General Internal Medicine 2007. 22(4): 464-9.

Duff, K., J. W. Mold, et al. "Medical burden and cognition in older patients in primary care: selective deficits in attention." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 2007. 22(5): 569-75.

Fung, C. H., C. M. Setodji, et al. "The relationship between multimorbidity and patients' ratings of communication." J Gen Intern Med 2008. 23: 788-93.

Laux, G., T. Kuehlein, et al. "Co- and multimorbidity patterns in primary care based on episodes of care: results from the German CONTENT project." BMC Health Services Research 2008. 8: 14.

Noel, P. H., M. L. Parchman, et al. "The challenges of multimorbidity from the patient perspective." Journal of General Internal Medicine 2007. 22 Suppl 3: 419-24.

Perruccio, A. V., J. D. Power, et al. "The relative impact of 13 chronic conditions across three different outcomes." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 2007. 61: 1056-1061.

Nagel G, Peter R, Braig S, Hermann S, Rohrmann S, Linseisen J. The impact of education on risk factors and the occurrence of multimorbidity in the EPIC-Heidelberg cohort. BMC Public Health. 2008 Nov 11;8(1):384

Huitema HOM, van den Akker M, Buntinx F, Muris JW, Metsemakers JFM, Knottnerus JA. Comorbidity of chronic gastro-intestinal disorders. A cross-sectional analysis in a large general practice population in the Netherlands. Arch Public Health 2000;58:51-65.

Landwehr Johan STM, van den Akker M, Metsemakers JFM, Buntinx F. Comorbidity of chronic cardiovascular disorders. A cross-sectional analysis in a large general practice population in the Netherlands. Arch Public Health 2000;58:213-31.

van den Akker M, Vos R, Knottnerus JA. In an exploratory prospective study on multimorbidity general and disease-related susceptibility could be distinguished. J Clin Epidemiol 2006;59:934-9.

van den Akker, M., et al., Morbidity in responders and non-responders in a register-based population survey. Fam Pract, 1998. 15: p. 261-3.

4. ÉTUDES PHARMACO-ÉCONOMIQUES

Cunningham PJ. Chronic burdens: the persistently high out-of-pocket health care expenses faced by many Americans with chronic conditions. Issue Brief (Commonw Fund). 2009. 63:1-14.

Wehling M. Multimorbidity and polypharmacy: how to reduce the harmful drug load and yet add needed drugs in the elderly? Proposal of a new drug classification: fit for the aged. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2009. 57(3):560-1.

Schoenberg, N. E., H. Kim, et al. "Burden of common multiple-morbidity constellations on out-of-pocket medical expenditures among older adults." Gerontologist 2007. 47(4): 423-37.

Rice, D.P. and M.P. LaPlante, Medical expenditures for disability and disabling comorbidity. Am J Public Health, 1992. 82(5): p. 739-41.

Shah, A.N., et al., Comorbid illness affects hospital costs related to hip arthroplasty: quantification of health status and implications for fair reimbursement and surgeon comparisons. Journal of Arthroplasty, 2004. 19(6): p. 700-5.

Shwartz, M., et al., The importance of comorbidities in explaining differences in patient costs. Medical Care., 1996. 34(8): p. 767-82.

Young, D.S., B.S. Sachais, and L.C. Jefferies, Effect of disease complications on hospital costs. Clinical Chemistry., 2002. 48(1): p. 140-9.

Wolff, J.L., B. Starfield, and G. Anderson, Prevalence, expenditures, and complications of multiple chronic conditions in the elderly. Archives of Internal Medicine, 2002. 162: p. 2269-76.

Beddhu, S., et al., A simple comorbidity scale predicts clinical outcomes and costs in dialysis patients. Am J Med, 2000. 108: p. 609-13.

5. INSTRUMENTS DE MESURE

Steinhaeuser J, Miksch A, Ose D, Glassen K, Natanzon I, Szecsenyi J, et al. Questionnaire of chronic illness care in primary care-psychometric properties and test-retest reliability. BMC Health Serv Res. 2011;11:295.

Starfield, B. and K. Kinder, Multimorbidity and its measurement. Health Policy. 2011;103(1):3-8.

Diederichs C, Berger K, Bartels DB. The Measurement of Multiple Chronic Diseases--A Systematic Review on Existing Multimorbidity Indices. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2011;66:301-11.

Holzhausen M, Fuchs J, Busch M, et al. Operationalizing multimorbidity and autonomy for health services research in aging populations--the OMAHA study. BMC Health Serv Res 2011;11:47.

Vitry A, Wong SA, Roughead EE, Ramsay E, Barratt J. Validity of medication-based co-morbidity indices in the Australian elderly population. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2009 Apr;33(2):126-30.

Md Yusof MY, Horan MA, Jones M, McInnes L, Rabbitt PM, Pendleton N. Developing a self-reported comorbidity index to predict mortality of community-dwelling older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2010;50(3):e63-7.

Salvi F, Miller MD, Grilli A, et al. A manual of guidelines to score the modified cumulative illness rating scale and its validation in acute hospitalized elderly patients. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2008; 56:1926-31.

Boyd, C. M., C. O. Weiss, et al. "Framework for evaluating disease severity measures in older adults with comorbidity." Journals of Gerontology Series A-Biological Sciences & Medical Sciences 2007. 62(3): 286-95.

Lash, T. L., V. Mor, et al. "Methodology, design, and analytic techniques to address measurement of comorbid disease." Journals of Gerontology Series A-Biological Sciences & Medical Sciences 2007. 62(3): 281-5.

Tooth, L., R. Hockey, et al. "Weighted multimorbidity indexes predicted mortality, health service use, and health-related quality of life in older women." Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2008. 61(2): 151-9.

Hudon C, Fortin M, Soubhi H. Abbreviated guidelines for scoring the Cumulative Ilnness Rating Scale (CIRS) in family practice. J Clin Epidemiol 2007; 60 :212e1-212e3.

Bravo, G., et al., A prospective evaluation of the Charlson Comorbidity Index for use in long-term care patients. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society., 2002. 50(4): p. 740-5.

Buntinx, F., et al., Evaluation of Charlson's comorbidity index in elderly living in nursing homes. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology., 2002. 55(11): p. 1144-7.

Byles, J.E., et al., Single index of multimorbidity did not predict multiple outcomes. J Clin Epidemiol, 2005. 58: p. 997-1005.

Charlson, M.E., et al., A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis, 1987. 40: p. 373-83.

Charlson, M., et al., Validation of a combined comorbidity index.

Conwell, Y., et al., Validation of a measure of physical illness burden at autopsy: the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society., 1993. 41(1): p. 38-41.

Crabtree, H.L., et al., The Comorbidity Symptom Scale: a combined disease inventory and assessment of symptom severity. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society., 2000. 48(12): p. 1674-8.

de Groot, V., et al., How to measure comorbidity. a critical review of available methods. J Clin Epidemiol, 2003. 56: p. 221-9.

Desai MM, Bogardus STJ, Williams CS, Vitagliano G, Inouye SK. Development and validation of a risk-adjustment index for older patients: the high-risk diagnoses for the elderly scale. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002; 50(3):474-481.

Deyo, R.A., D.C. Cherkin, and M.A. Ciol, Adapting a clinical comorbidity index for use with ICD-9-CM administrative databases. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology., 1992. 45(6): p. 613-9.

D'Hoore, W., C. Sicotte, and C. Tilquin, Risk adjustment in outcome assessment: the Charlson comorbidity index. Methods of Information in Medicine., 1993. 32(5): p. 382-7.

Elixhauser, A., et al., Comorbidity measures for use with administrative data. Medical Care., 1998. 36(1): p. 8-27.

Extermann, M., et al., Comorbidity and functional status are independent in older cancer patients. Journal of Clinical Oncology., 1998. 16(4): p. 1582-7.

Fan, V.S., et al., Validation of case-mix measures derived from self-reports of diagnoses and health. J Clin Epidemiol, 2002. 55: p. 371-80.

Fleming, S.T., et al., A comprehensive prognostic index to predict survival based on multiple comorbidities: a focus on breast cancer. Medical Care, 1999. 37(6): p. 601-14.

Fortin M, Hudon C, Dubois M-F, Almirall J, Lapointe L, Soubhi H. Comparative assessment of three different indices of multimorbidity for studies on health-related quality of life. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2005;3:74.

Fried LP, Bandeen-Roche K, Kasper JD, Guralink JM. Association of comorbidity with disability in older women: The Women's Health and Aging Study. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 1999; 52(1):27-37.

Greenfield S, Apolone G, McNeil BJ, Cleary PD. The importance of co-existent disease in the occurrence of postoperative complications and one-year recovery in patients undergoing total hip replacement. Comorbidity and outcomes after hip replacement. Med Care 1993; 31(2):141-154.

Groll, D.L., et al., The development of a comorbidity index with physical function as the outcome. J Clin Epidemiol, 2005. 58: p. 595-602.

Harboun, M. and J. Ankri, [Comorbidity indexes: review of the literature and application to studies of elderly population][French]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique, 2001. 49(3): p. 287-98.

Harse, J.D. and C.D. Holman, Charlson's Index was a poor predictor of quality of life outcomes in a study of patients following joint replacement surgery. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 2005. 58(11): p. 1142-9.

Holman, C.D., et al., A multipurpose comorbidity scoring system performed better than the Charlson index. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 2005. 58(10): p. 1006-14.

Hudon C, Fortin M, Vanasse A. Cumulative Illness Rating Scale was a reliable and valid index in a family practice context. J Clin Epidemiol 2005;58:603-8.

Imamura, K., et al., Reliability of a comorbidity measure: the Index of Co-Existent Disease (ICED). J Clin Epidemiol, 1997. 50: p. 1011-6.

Incalzi RA, Capparella O, Gemma A, Landi F, Bruno E, Di Meo F et al. The interaction between age and comorbidity contributes to predicting the mortality of geriatric patients in the acute-care hospital. J Int Med 1997; 242:291-298.

Inouye SK, Bogardus STJ, Vitagliano G, Desai MM, Williams CS, Grady JN et al. Burden of illness socre for elderly persons. Risk adjustment incorporating the cumulative impact of diseases, physiologic abnormalities, and functional impairments. Med Care 2003; 41(1):70-83.

John, R., D.S. Kerby, and C.H. Hennessy, Patterns and impact of comorbidity and multimorbidity among community-resident American Indian elders. Gerontologist, 2003. 43: p. 649-60.

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Rao, A.V., P.H. Seo, and H.J. Cohen, Geriatric assessment and comorbidity. Seminars in Oncology, 2004. 31(2): p. 149-59.

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Starfield B, Weiner J, Mumford L, Steinwachs D. Ambulatory care groups: a categorization of diagnoses for research and management. Health Serv Res 1991; 26(1):53-74.

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Von Korff M, Wagner EH, Saunders K. A chronic disease score from automated pharmcy data. J Clin Epidemiol 1992; 45(2):197-203.

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Ware JE, Bayliss MS, Rogers WH, Kosinski M, Tarlov AR. Differences in 4- year health outcomes for elderly and poor, chronically ill patients treated in HMO and fee-for-service systems. Results from the Medical Outcomes Study. JAMA 1996; 276(13):1039-1047.

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6. ÉDITORIAUX / ARTICLES D'OPINION

Valderas JM, Mercer SW, Fortin M. Research on patients with multiple health conditions: different constructs, different views, one voice. Journal of Comorbidity. 2011;1:1–3.

Mercer SW, Gunn J, Wyke S. Improving the health of people with multimorbidity: the need for prospective cohort studies. Journal of Comorbidity. 2011;1:4–7.

Caughey GE, Roughead EE. Multimorbidity research challenges: where to go from here? Journal of Comorbidity. 2011;1:8–10.

Tinetti, M.E. and S.A. Studenski, Comparative effectiveness research and patients with multiple chronic conditions. N Engl J Med, 2011. 364(26): p. 2478-81.

Starfield B. Challenges to primary care from co- and multi-morbidity. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2011;12:1-2.

Cheng LI, Oladapo A, Rascati KL. The need for validation studies of comorbidity adjustment instruments. Clin Ther. 2009;31(7):1578-80.

Cassil A. Rising rates of chronic health conditions: what can be done?. Issue Brief Cent Stud Health Syst Change. 2008 Nov;(125):1-4.

Michel JP, Pautex S, Aapro M, Zulian G. Frail old patients as a target population for cancer trials. J Nutr Health Aging. 2009 Jan;13(1):31-3.

Mercer SW, Smith SM, Wyke S, O'Dowd T, Watt GC. Multimorbidity in primary care: developing the research agenda. Fam Pract. 2009 Apr;26(2):79-80.

Montague, T. J., A. Gogovor, et al. "Time for chronic disease care and management." Canadian Journal of Cardiology 2007. 23(12): 971-5.

Norris, S. L., K. High, et al. "Health care for older Americans with multiple chronic conditions: a research agenda." Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2008. 56(1): 149-59.

Starfield, B. "Global health, equity, and primary care." Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine: JABFM 2007. 20(6): 511-3.

Weiss, K. B. "Managing complexity in chronic care: an overview of the VA state-of-the-art (SOTA) conference." Journal of General Internal Medicine 2007. 22 Suppl 3: 374-8.

Clarke LH, Griffin M; PACC Research Team. Failing bodies: body image and multiple chronic conditions in later life. Qual Health Res. 2008 Aug;18(8):1084-95.

Bayliss, E.A. Continuity of care in a changing health care system. Invited commentary. Ann Fam Med 2004; 2: TRACK comments. 2004 [cited November 29, 2005]; Available from: www.AnnFamMed.org.

Bayliss, E.A. Expanding our knowledge about processes of care for persons with multimorbidities. Invited commentary. Ann Fam Med 2005; 3: TRACK comments. 2005 [cited November 29, 2005]; Available from: www.AnnFamMed.org.

Bayliss, E.A., Proposals for US National Health Insurance.[Letter]. JAMA, 2003. 290: p. 2799.

Bernardi, D., et al., Comprehensive geriatric evaluation in elderly patients with lymphoma: feasibility of a patient-tailored treatment plan.[comment]. p. 754; author reply 755, 2003 Feb 15.

Bodenheimer, T., Disease management: promises and pitfalls. N Engl J Med, 1999. 340: p. 1202-5.

Grumback, K., Chronic illness, comorbidities, and the need for medical generalism. Annals of Family Medicine, 2003. 1: p. 4-7.

Huyse, F.J., Integration of psychiatric and physical health. British Journal of Psychiatry, 2005. 186: p. 263-4.

Saltman, D., Comorbidities in general practice. Australian Family Physician, 2004. 33(4): p. 197.

Stange, K.C., The paradox of the parts and the whole in understanding and improving general practice. Int J Qual Health Care, 2002. 14: p. 267-8.

Stange K. C., P.W.R., Acheson L. S., Crabtree B. F., Zyzanski S. J., Miller W. L., Gotler R. S., Welcome to the Annals of Family Medicine. Ann Fam Med, 2003. 1: p. 2-4.

Starfield, B., Primary care visits and health policy. CMAJ Canadian Medical Association Journal, 1998. 159(7): p. 795-6.

Summerskill, W., Evidence-based practice and the individual. Lancet, 2005. 365: p. 13-14.

Weingart, S.N., et al., Epidemiology of medical error. BMJ, 2000. 320: p. 774-7.

Wright, N., L. Smeeth, and I. Heath, Moving beyond single and dual diagnosis in general practice: many patients have multiple morbidities, and their needs have to be addressed. BMJ, 2003. 326: p. 512-4.

7. RECHERCHES QUALITATIVES

Townsend A. Applying Bourdieu's theory to accounts of living with multimorbidity. Chronic Illn 2011 Dec 2 [Epub ahead of print]. 2011.

Bower P, Macdonald W, Harkness E, et al. Multimorbidity, service organization and clinical decision making in primary care: a qualitative study. Fam Pract 2011;28(5):579-87.

O'Brien R, Wyke S, Guthrie B, Watt G, Mercer S. An 'endless struggle': a qualitative study of general practitioners' and practice nurses' experiences of managing multimorbidity in socio-economically deprived areas of Scotland. Chronic Illn. 2011. 7:45-59.

Smith SM, O'Kelly S, O'Dowd T. GPs' and pharmacists' experiences of managing multimorbidity: a 'Pandora's box'. Br J Gen Pract. 2010. 60(576):285-94.

Lugtenberg M, Zegers-van Schaick JM, Westert GP, Burgers JS. Why don't physicians adhere to guideline recommendations in practice? An analysis of barriers among Dutch general practitioners. Implement Sci. 2009. 4:54.

Sells D, Sledge WH, Wieland M, Walden D, Flanagan E, Miller R, Davidson L. Cascading crises, resilience and social support within the onset and development of multiple chronic conditions. Chronic Illn. 2009. 5(2):92-102.

Schoenberg NE, Leach C, Edwards W. "It's a toss up between my hearing, my heart, and my hip": prioritizing and accommodating multiple morbidities by vulnerable older adults. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2009. 20(1):134-51.

Elliott, R. A., D. Ross-Degnan, et al. "Strategies for coping in a complex world: adherence behavior among older adults with chronic illness." Journal of General Internal Medicine 2007. 22(6): 805-10.

Leach CR, Schoenberg NE. Striving for control: cognitive, self-care, and faith strategies employed by vulnerable black and white older adults with multiple chronic conditions. J Cross Cult Gerontol. 2008. 23(4):377-99.

Bayliss, E.A., et al., Descriptions of barriers to self-care by persons with comorbid chronic diseases. Ann Fam Med, 2003. 1: p. 15-21.

Christensen, R.E., M.D. Fetters, and L.A. Green, Opening the black box: Cognitive strategies in family practice. Ann Fam Med, 2005. 3: p. 144-150.

Jerant, A.F., M.M. von Friederichs-Fitzwater, and M. Moore, Patients' perceived barriers to active self-management of chronic conditions. Patient Education & Counseling, 2005. 57(3): p. 300-7.

Noel, P.H., et al., Collaborative care needs and preferences of primary care patients with multimorbidity. Health Expectations, 2005. 8(1): p. 54-63.

Roberto, K.A., C.M. Gigliotti, and E.K. Husser, Older women's experiences with multiple health conditions: daily challenges and care practices. Health Care Women Int, 2005. 26: p. 672-92.

Townsend, A., K. Hunt, and S. Wyke, Managing multiple morbidity in mid-life: a qualitative study of attitudes to drug use. BMJ, 2003. 327(7419): p. 837.

Williams, A., Patients with comorbidities: perceptions of acute care services. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2004. 46(1): p. 13-22.

8. IDÉES D’INTERVENTION

Cohen E, Bruce-Barrett C, Kingsnorth S, Keilty K, Cooper A, Daub S. Integrated Complex Care Model: Lessons Learned from Inter-organizational Partnership. Healthc Q. 2011;14 Spec No 3:64-70.

Parekh, A.K., et al., Managing multiple chronic conditions: a strategic framework for improving health outcomes and quality of life. Public Health Rep, 2011. 126: p. 460-71.

Thiem U, Theile G, Junius-Walker U, et al. Prerequisites for a new health care model for elderly people with multimorbidity: the PRISCUS research consortium. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2011;44:115-20.

Braithwaite RS, Fiellin D, Justice AC. The payoff time: a flexible framework to help clinicians decide when patients with comorbid disease are not likely to benefit from practice guidelines. Med Care. 2009 Jun;47(6):610-7.

Smith GC. From consultation-liaison psychiatry to integrated care for multiple and complex needs. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2009 Jan;43(1):1-12.

Bayliss, E. A., H. B. Bosworth, et al. "Supporting self-management for patients with complex medical needs: recommendations of a working group." Chronic Illness 2007. 3(2): 167-75.

Boult, C., L. Reider, et al. "Early effects of "Guided Care" on the quality of health care for multimorbid older persons: a cluster-randomized controlled trial." J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2008. 63: 321-7.

Boyd, C. M., C. Boult, et al. "Guided care for multimorbid older adults." Gerontologist 2007. 47(5): 697-704.

Boyd, C. M., E. Shadmi, et al. "A pilot test of the effect of guided care on the quality of primary care experiences for multimorbid older adults." Journal of General Internal Medicine 2008. 23(5): 536-42.

Hanni, K. D., E. Mendoza, et al. "A methodology for evaluating organizational change in community-based chronic disease interventions." Preventing Chronic Disease 2007. 4(4): A105.

Kahn, L. S., C. H. Fox, et al. "Facilitating quality improvement in physician management of comorbid chronic disease in an urban minority practice." Journal of the National Medical Association 2007. 99(4): 377-83.

Lavori, P. W. and R. Dawson "Adaptive treatment strategies in chronic disease." Annual Review of Medicine 2008. 59: 443-53.

Berenson, R.A. and J. Horvath, Confronting the barriers to chronic care management in Medicare. Health Affairs, 2003. Suppl Web Exclusives: p. W3-37-53.

Brown, A.F., et al., Guidelines for improving the care of the older person with diabetes mellitus. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2003. 51(5 Suppl Guidelines): p. S265-80.

Davis, B., Assessing adults with mental disorders in primary care. Nurse Practitioner, 2004. 29: p. 19-27; quiz 27-9.

Durso, S.C., Using clinical guidelines designed for older adults with diabetes mellitus and complex health status. JAMA, 2006. 295: p. 1935-40.

Howell, T., Managing medical and psychiatric comorbidities. WMJ, 2004. 103(6): p. 23-7.

Macleod, U. and E. Mitchell, Comorbidity in general practice. Practitioner, 2005. 249(1669): p. 282-4.

Mollica, R.L. and J. Gillespie. Care coordination for people with chronic conditions. 2003 [cited 7 Nov 2005]; Available from: http://www.partnershipforsolutions.org/DMS/files/Care_coordination.pdf.

Pierce, D. and I. Wilson, Psychiatric comorbidity in general practice. Aust Fam Physician, 2004. 33: p. 217-220.

Redelmeier, D.A., S.H. Tan, and G.L. Booth, The treatment of unrelated disorders in patients with chronic medical diseases. N Engl J Med, 1998. 338: p. 1516-20.

Schraeder, C., et al., Managing elders with comorbidities. Journal of Ambulatory Care Management, 2005. 28(3): p. 201-9.

Stevenson, J., et al., Managing comorbidities in patients at the end of life. BMJ, 2004. 329: p. 909-12.

Wagner, E.H., B.T. Austin, and M. Von Korff, Organizing care for patients with chronic illness. Milbank Quarterly, 1996. 74(4): p. 511-44.

Welch, H.G., et al., Estimating treatment benefits for the elderly: the effect of competing risks. Annals of Internal Medicine, 1996. 124(6): p. 577-84.

9. AUTRES

9.1 Programme d’activité physique

De Vries NM, Van Ravensberg CD, Hobbelen JS, Olde Rikkert MG, Staak SB, Nijhuis-van der Sanden MW. Effects of physical exercise therapy on mobility, physical functioning, physical activity and quality of life in community-dwelling older adults with impaired mobility, physical disability and/or multi-morbidity: A meta-analysis. Ageing Resource Review, 11 novembre 2011 (Epub ahead of print). 2011.

Liu-Ambrose T, Ashe MC, Marra C, Conditions Research Team PA. Independent and inverse association of healthcare utilisation with physical
activity in older adults with multiple chronic conditions. Br J Sports Med. 2010;44(14):1024-8.

Rydwik, E., K. Frandin, and G. Akner, Physical training in institutionalized elderly people with multiple diagnoses--a controlled pilot study.[erratum appears in Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2005 Nov-Dec;41(3):319 Note: Kerstin, Frandin [corrected to Frandin, Kerstin]]. Archives of Gerontology & Geriatrics, 2005. 40(1): p. 29-44.

9.2 Continuité

Salisbury C, Johnson L, Purdy S, Valderas JM, Montgomery AA. Epidemiology and impact of multimorbidity in primary care: a retrospective cohort study. Br J Gen Pract 2011;61:e12-21.

Aspin C et al. Health policy responses to rising rates of multi-morbid chronic illness in Australia and New Zealand. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2010. 34(4):386-93.

Higashi, T., N. S. Wenger, et al. "Relationship between number of medical conditions and quality of care." New England Journal of Medicine 2007. 356(24): 2496-504.

Smith, S. M., A. Ferede, et al. "Multimorbidity in younger deprived patients: an exploratory study of research and service implications in general practice." BMC Family Practice 2008. 9: 6.

Nutting, P.A., et al., Continuity of primary care: to whom does it matter and when? Ann Fam Med, 2003. 1: p. 149-55.

9.3 Auto-soin

Harrison, M., et al., A secondary analysis of the moderating effects of depression and multimorbidity on the effectiveness of a chronic disease self-management programme. Patient Educ Couns. Jul 16. [Epub ahead of print], 2011.

Morris RL, Sanders C, Kennedy AP, Rogers A. Shifting priorities in multimorbidity: a longitudinal qualitative study of patient's prioritization of multiple conditions. Chronic Illn 2011;7:147-61.

Bayliss EA, John F. Steiner JF, Fernald DH, Crane LA, Main DS. Descriptions of barriers to self-care by persons with comorbid chronic diseases. Ann Fam Med 2003;1:15-21.

Jerant, A.F., M.M. von Friederichs-Fitzwater, and M. Moore, Patients' perceived barriers to active self-management of chronic conditions. Patient Education & Counseling, 2005. 57(3): p. 300-7.

9.4 Erreurs médicales

Bodenheimer, T., Disease management: promises and pitfalls. N Engl J Med, 1999. 340: p. 1202-5.

Brennan, T.A., et al., Incidence of adverse events and negligence in hospitalized patients. Results of the Harvard Medical Practice Study I. New England Journal of Medicine, 1991. 324(6): p. 370-6.

Wilson, R.M., et al., Quality in Australian Health Care Study. Medical Journal of Australia, 1996. 164(12): p. 17.